Kingston Ash Slide

Characterization of Dredged Ash
For Disposal at the Arrowhead Landfill

Background

• Arrowhead Landfill is a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle D permitted solid waste facility.  Subtitle D facilities are not permitted to receive hazardous wastes as defined under RCRA. Therefore, the principal waste acceptance criterion (WAC) that must be met for disposal in the landfill is demonstration that the ash does not have any constituents that exceed the RCRA definition of hazardous waste. 
• The presence of trace metals in ash, which occur naturally in the coal and remain after the coal is burned, is evaluated by chemical tests specified by the RCRA regulation. The test required by RCRA regulation is the Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure, or TCLP. TCLP testing is performed on solid waste to determine if it might also be a hazardous waste as defined under RCRA.
• The TCLP test simulates landfill conditions to determine if a solid waste might release hazardous constituents in liquid leachates above prescribed concentrations.
• The RCRA TCLP metals and the defining regulatory limits are summarized below:

Constituent	Regulatory Limit, mg/L
Arsenic	5.0
Barium	100.0
Cadmium	1.0
Chromium	5.0
Lead	5.0
Mercury	0.2
Selenium	1.0
Silver	5.0

• In addition to the RCRA TCLP metals, the ash is also tested for the presence of radium-228 and radium-226, two naturally-occurring, radioactive isotopes typically found in ash. The landfill has an agreement with the state of Alabama to limit the combined concentrations of radium-228 and radium-226 to 10 picocuries (pCi) per gram of ash.
• Another WAC is that free liquids cannot be present in the ash. The ash is tested by a variety of methods as it is loaded, including the paint filter test. A small quantity of ash is placed in a common paint filter, and must not exhibit free liquid passing through the filter within a five-minute period.

Sampling Frequency

• As required by the landfill, TVA obtained representative samples for TCLP, radiological, and paint filter tests for the first 18 train loads of ash.
• Based on those results, the landfill advised TVA in August 2009 that five randomly selected railcars should be sampled each month for TCLP, radiological, and paint filter tests. This sampling schedule is ongoing.

Sampling Results

• All TCLP sample results have been less than the regulatory limit for metals.
• All radiological results to date have been less than 10 picocuries (pCi) per gram for radium-228/226.
• All paint filter tests have been negative for free liquids.

The specific testing results are presented below.

Metal Testing Results

Arsenic, Chromium, Lead, and Silver (PDF, 142 kb)

Barium (PDF, 137 kb)

Cadmium and Selenium (PDF, 138 kb)

Mercury (PDF, 137 kb)

Sum of Radium 226 and 228 (PDF, 136 kb)

Paint Filter Testing Results

Sample Code	Sample Date	Free Liquids	Sample Code	Sample Date	Free Liquids
WCOMP1	04/24/2009	N	WGRAB70	07/17/2009	N
WCOMP2	04/24/2009	N	WGRAB71	07/19/2009	N
WCOMP3	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB72	07/19/2009	N
WCOMP4	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB73	07/19/2009	N
WCOMP4-Dup	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB74	07/19/2009	N
WCOMP5	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB75	07/19/2009	N
WCOMP6	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB76	07/22/2009	N
WCOMP7	06/08/2009	N	WGRAB77	07/22/2009	N
WCOMP8	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB78	07/22/2009	N
WCOMP9	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB79	07/22/2009	N
WCOMP10	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB80	07/22/2009	N
WCOMP11	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB81	07/23/2009	N
WCOMP12	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB82	07/23/2009	N
WCOMP13	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB83	07/23/2009	N
WCOMP14	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB84	07/23/2009	N
WCOMP15	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB85	07/23/2009	N
WCOMP16	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB86	07/24/2009	N
WCOMP17	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB87	07/24/2009	N
WCOMP18	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB88	07/24/2009	N
WCOMP19	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB89	07/24/2009	N
WCOMP20	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB90	07/24/2009	N
WCOMP21	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB91	07/25/2009	N
WCOMP22	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB92	07/25/2009	N
WCOMP23	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB93	07/25/2009	N
WCOMP24	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB94	07/25/2009	N
WCOMP25	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB95	07/25/2009	N
WCOMP26	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB96	07/27/2009	N
WCOMP27	06/22/2009	N	WGRAB97	07/27/2009	N
WGRAB16	06/30/2009	N	WGRAB98	07/27/2009	N
WGRAB17	06/30/2009	N	WGRAB99	07/27/2009	N
WGRAB18	06/30/2009	N	WGRAB100	07/27/2009	N
WGRAB19	06/30/2009	N	WGRAB101	07/28/2009	N
WGRAB20	06/30/2009	N	WGRAB102	07/28/2009	N
WGRAB21	07/02/2009	N	WGRAB103	07/28/2009	N
WGRAB22	07/02/2009	N	WGRAB104	07/28/2009	N
WGRAB23	07/02/2009	N	WGRAB105	07/28/2009	N
WGRAB24	07/02/2009	N	WGRAB106	07/29/2009	N
WGRAB25	07/02/2009	N	WGRAB107	07/29/2009	N
WGRAB26	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB108	07/29/2009	N
WGRAB27	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB109	07/29/2009	N
WGRAB28	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB110	07/29/2009	N
WGRAB29	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB111	07/30/2009	N
WGRAB30	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB112	07/30/2009	N
WGRAB31	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB113	07/30/2009	N
WGRAB32	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB114	07/30/2009	N
WGRAB33	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB115	07/30/2009	N
WGRAB34	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB116	07/31/2009	N
WGRAB35	07/07/2009	N	WGRAB117	07/31/2009	N
WGRAB36	07/08/2009	N	WGRAB118	07/31/2009	N
WGRAB37	07/08/2009	N	WGRAB119	07/31/2009	N
WGRAB38	07/08/2009	N	WGRAB120	07/31/2009	N
WGRAB39	07/08/2009	N	WGRAB121	08/02/2009	N
WGRAB40	07/08/2009	N	WGRAB122	08/02/2009	N
WGRAB41	07/10/2009	N	WGRAB123	08/02/2009	N
WGRAB42	07/10/2009	N	WGRAB124	08/02/2009	N
WGRAB43	07/10/2009	N	WGRAB125	08/02/2009	N
WGRAB44	07/10/2009	N	WGRAB126	08/04/2009	N
WGRAB45	07/10/2009	N	WGRAB127	08/04/2009	N
WGRAB46	07/13/2009	N	WGRAB128	08/04/2009	N
WGRAB47	07/13/2009	N	WGRAB129	08/04/2009	N
WGRAB48	07/13/2009	N	WGRAB130	08/04/2009	N
WGRAB49	07/13/2009	N	WGRAB131	08/05/2009	N
WGRAB50	07/13/2009	N	WGRAB132	08/05/2009	N
WGRAB51	07/14/2009	N	WGRAB133	08/05/2009	N
WGRAB52	07/14/2009	N	WGRAB134	08/05/2009	N
WGRAB53	07/14/2009	N	WGRAB135	08/05/2009	N
WGRAB54	07/14/2009	N	WGRAB136	08/27/2009	N
WGRAB55	07/14/2009	N	WGRAB137	08/27/2009	N
WGRAB56	07/15/2009	N	WGRAB138	08/27/2009	N
WGRAB57	07/15/2009	N	WGRAB139	08/27/2009	N
WGRAB58	07/15/2009	N	WGRAB140	08/27/2009	N
WGRAB59	07/15/2009	N	WGRAB146	10/22/2009	N
WGRAB60	07/15/2009	N	WGRAB147	10/22/2009	N
WGRAB61	07/16/2009	N	WGRAB148	10/22/2009	N
WGRAB62	07/16/2009	N	WGRAB149	10/22/2009	N
WGRAB63	07/16/2009	N	WGRAB150	10/22/2009	N
WGRAB64	07/16/2009	N	WGRAB151	11/19/2009	N
WGRAB65	07/16/2009	N	WGRAB152	11/19/2009	N
WGRAB66	07/17/2009	N	WGRAB153	11/19/2009	N
WGRAB67	07/17/2009	N	WGRAB154	11/19/2009	N
WGRAB68	07/17/2009	N	WGRAB155	11/19/2009	N
WGRAB69	07/17/2009	N